Pharmaceutical Monitoring of Drugs

 

[dropdown] [dropdown-option] SELECT ONE…[/dropdown-option] [dropdown-option value=”option5″] Analgesics [/dropdown-option] [dropdown-option value=”option1″] Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-Is) [/dropdown-option] [dropdown-option value=”option2″] HMG CO-A Reductase inhibitors (Statins) [/dropdown-option] [dropdown-option value=”option3″] Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor—Inhibitor of Estrogen Biosynthesis—Antitumor Agent [/dropdown-option] [dropdown-option value=”option4″] Oral Antidiabetics [/dropdown-option] [/dropdown] [dropdown-content value=”option5″]
 
Analgesics
Class of Medication Medication   Parameter Value Time-frame
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogues 

 Pregabalin 

 Efficacy Monitor closely for notable changes in behavior that could indicate the emergence or worsening of suicidal thoughts or behavior or depression.
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Postherpetic Neuralgia, Fibromyalgia, and Spinal Cord Injury Pain: Assess location, characteristics, and intensity of pain periodically during therapy.
Seizures: Assess location, duration, and characteristics of seizure activity.
Lab Test Considerations: May cause ↑ creatine kinase levels.
May cause↓ platelet count.
Safety
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Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-Is)
Medication   Parameter Value Time-frame
Ramipril Efficacy BP <130/80  Titrate medications every 2 weeks to achieve target 
Safety

 K 3.5-5.0 (WNL)  1 Month
Dry Cough Tolerable or ideally none  1 Week
Signs of hypotension:
  • Dizziness,
  • Headache,
  • SBP <100
 None In two weeks and at each visit  
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HMG CO-A Reductase inhibitors (Statins)
Medication   Parameter Value Time-frame
Atorvastatin

 Efficacy LDL cholesterol   < 2 mmol/L (or 1.8 mmol/L)  8-12 Weeks
Safety

 Muscle aches (not related to activity)  None Monitor at next visit
ALT WNL If patient complains of GI tenderness / pain, jaundice 
CK WNL If patient complains of muscle aches not related to activity 
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Oral Antidiabetics
Class Medication   Parameter Value Time-frame
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Sitagliptin  
  • Observe the patient for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemic reactions (abdominal pain, sweating, hunger, weakness, dizziness, headache, tremor, tachycardia, anxiety).
  • Monitor for signs of pancreatitis (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, persistent severe abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back) during therapy. If pancreatitis occurs, discontinue sitagliptin and monitor serum and urine amylase, amylase/creatinine clearance ratio, electrolytes, serum calcium, glucose, and lipase.
  • Assess for rash periodically during therapy. May cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Discontinue therapy if severe or if accompanied with fever, general malaise, fatigue, muscle or joint aches, blisters, oral lesions, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, and/or eosinophilia.
  • Lab Test Considerations: Monitor hemoglobin A1C prior to and periodically during therapy.
  • Monitor renal function prior to and periodically during therapy.
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors Empagliflozin (Jardiance) Efficacy Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)   Every 3-6 Months
Safety

 Blood Pressure    
Renal function    
Genital Mycotic Infection    
Pregnancy Test Negative Contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd Trimesters
Urinary Tract Infection    
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Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor—Inhibitor of Estrogen Biosynthesis—Antitumor Agent
Medication   Parameter Value Time-frame
Atorvastatin

 Efficacy      
Safety

Check vital signs and assess cardiovascular and respiratory status.

Monitor renal and hepatic function, electrolyte levels, and lipid panels.

Assess for adverse CNS effects, including depression. Institute safety measures as needed to prevent injury.

    
   
   
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