GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) or LHRH (Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone) agonists like goserelin initially stimulate, then downregulate pituitary receptors, leading to suppressed LH and FSH secretion. This causes medical castration by significantly lowering estrogen in premenopausal women or testosterone in men.
Used mainly for hormone-sensitive cancers such as premenopausal ER+ breast cancer (ovarian suppression) and prostate cancer (androgen deprivation therapy). Pharmacists should counsel on flare phenomenon, manage side effects like hot flashes and bone loss, and ensure adherence to dosing schedules.
Synonyms
GnRH Agonists, LHRH Agonists