Definition:
- Tumor of ependymal cells lining the ventricles and central canal. Can be infratentorial (posterior fossa) or supratentorial.
Epidemiology:
- 3rd most common pediatric brain tumor.
- Peak incidence: <5 years.
Location:
- Posterior fossa (common in children)
- Ventricles or spinal canal
Clinical Features:
- Hydrocephalus → headache, nausea, vomiting
- Cranial nerve deficits if posterior fossa
Treatment & Pharmacist Role:
- Surgery – maximal safe resection is critical.
- Radiotherapy – post-op, especially if residual tumor.
- Chemotherapy – limited role, mainly for infants or unresectable tumors:
- Agents: vincristine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide.
- Monitor for renal, hematologic, and neurologic toxicities.
Pharmacist Notes:
- Chemotherapy often adjunctive, especially in very young children (<3y) where radiotherapy is delayed.
- Supportive care: hydration, antiemetics, growth factors as needed.