CPX-351 (Vyxeos®) is a liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin delivered at a fixed 5:1 molar ratio. This formulation allows for preferential uptake by leukemic cells, where the liposomes are internalized and degraded to release the active chemotherapy.
Clinical Application
For an oncology pharmacist, the key highlights for this agent include:
- Indicated Population: It is specifically used for adults with newly diagnosed secondary AML, which includes therapy-related AML (t-AML) and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (antecedent MDS or CMML).
- Efficacy: In its target population (particularly patients aged 60–75), CPX-351 demonstrated superior overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and complete remission (CR) rates compared to the standard “7+3” regimen.
- Administration: During induction, it is administered via IV infusion over 90 minutes on days 1, 3, and 5.
Dosing Phases
- Induction: Daunorubicin 44 mg/m² and cytarabine 100 mg/m².
- Consolidation: For those achieving CR/CRi, the dose is reduced to daunorubicin 29 mg/m² and cytarabine 65 mg/m² on days 1 and 3.
Would you like to review the specific MDS-related cytogenetic abnormalities that qualify a patient for CPX-351 therapy?
Synonyms
Vyxeos